• Brain Teasers & Puzzles

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    • Consider a list of 2000 statements:

      1) Exactly one statement on this list is false.
      2) Exactly two statements on this list are false.
      3) Exactly three statements on this list are false.
      . . .
      2000) Exactly 2000 statements on this list are false.
      Which statements are true and which are false?

      What happens if you replace “exactly” with “at least”?

      What happens if you replace “exactly” with “at most”?

      What happens in all three cases if you replace “false” with “true”?

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    • Mr. Dutch, Mr. English, Mr. Painter, and Mr. Writer are all teachers at the same school. Each teacher teaches two different subjects. Furthermore:

      three teachers teach Dutch language;
      there is only one maths teacher;
      there are two teachers for chemistry;
      two teachers, Simon and Mr. English, teach history;
      Peter does not teach Dutch language;
      Steven is chemistry teacher;
      Mr. Dutch does not teach any course that is taught by Karl or Mr. Painter.

      What is the full name of each teacher and which two subjects does each one teach?

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    • On a geography test you have to tell which of two German cities is greater in population for all possible pairs of the 80 largest cities of Germany. (And that’s the only task on the test since it’s already 5 pages long.) But you didn’t study last night, and only even recognise half the cities, and don’t even know how those are ordered relative to each other. Your friend on the other hand studied dutifully all night and recognises all the cities and even knows how two cities are ranked relative to each other 60% of the time.

      A week later you get the test-result and you have a higher score than your friend. How come?

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    • There are three Federation Officers assigned to take three hostile aliens to “Peace Talks” on another planet. However, they must follow the following rules:

      They have only one small space ship.
      Only two individuals can ride in the space ship each time.
      All Federation Officers can pilot the space ship, but only one alien can pilot the ship.
      If at any time there are both Federation Officers and aliens on a planet, then there must always be more (or the same number of) Federation Officers than aliens on that planet. This is because if there are more aliens than Federation Officers, then the aliens will kill the Federation Officers. Count any individual in the space ship when it is on one planet as being on that planet.
      The one space ship is the only means of transportation. There is no other way to get to the “Peace Talks”. No one can exit the space ship while it is in flight.
      To start off, all the Federation Officers and aliens are on the same planet.

      Can all Federation Officers and aliens get to the other planet alive, and if so: how?

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    • A stopped clock gives the exact time twice a day, while a normally running (but out of sync) clock will not be right more than once over a period of months. A clever grandfather [as in grandfather clock] adjusted his clock to give the correct time at least twice a day, while running at the normal rate. Assuming he was not able to set it perfectly, how did he do it?

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    • You have five pieces of chain, each consisting of three links. You want to make one long chain of these five pieces. Breaking open a link costs 1 $, and welding an open link costs 3 $.

      Is it possible to make one long chain of the five pieces, if you have just 15 $?

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    • Jenny has boxes in three sizes: large, standard, and small. She puts 11 large boxes on a table. She leaves some of these boxes empty, and in all the other boxes, she puts 8 standard boxes. She leaves some of these standard boxes empty, and in all the other standard boxes, she puts 8 (empty) small boxes. Now, 102 of all the boxes on the table are empty.

      The question: How many boxes has Jenny used in total?

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    • You are given “n” coins of denominations 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01 (6n coins altogether). You are then asked to choose n out of these 6n coins that sum up to exactly 1. What is the smallest n for which this is impossible?

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    • Three men in a cafe order a meal, the total cost of which is $15. They each contribute $5. The waiter takes the money to the chef who recognizes the three as friends and asks the waiter to return $5 to the men.

      The waiter is not only poor at mathematics but dishonest and instead of going to the trouble of splitting the $5 between the three he simply gives them $1 each and pockets the remaining $2 for himself.

      Now, each of the men effectively paid $4, the total paid is therefore $12. Add the $2 in the waiters pocket and this comes to $14…..where has the other $1 gone from the original $15?

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    • On the right, you see a paper with a chessboard print on it. We want to cut the chessboard paper into pieces (over the lines!) such that each piece has twice as much squares of one color than of the other color (i.e. twice as much black squares as white squares or twice as much white squares as black squares).

      Is it possible to do this? Give a proof!

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    • A road is divided into two ways.  One leads to City of truth and the other leads to City of Lies. All the people belonging to City of Truth always tell truth and all the people belonging to City of Lies  always lie.

      There are two people standing at the division,  one from City of Truth and the other from City of Lies. You don’t know who belongs to which city.
      You can ask only one question to any one of the two people standing there to determine which way leads to the City of Truth and which leads to City of Lies.

      What would be your question..?

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    • On the game of Poker, two people play as follows:
      Player 1 takes any 5 cards of his choice from the deck of 52 cards. Then player 2 does the same out of the remaining 47. Then player 1 may choose to discard any of his cards and replace them from the remaining 42. Then player 2 may discard any of his cards and replace them, but he may not take player 1’s discards. ALL of the transactions with the deck are public knowledge, unlike the real game of Poker.

      After this process, the winner is the one who has the better poker hand. For the benefit of those who have not played poker, these are the highest ranking hands, in decreasing order of value:

      Royal Flush: the A K Q J 10 of the same suit.
      Straight Flush: any five consecutive of one suit. Highest card of the five is the tiebreaker. No one suit is more powerful than another.
      Four of a kind: all four of one rank (i.e. four aces). A hand with 4 aces outranks 4 kings, etc.
      Full house: a pair of one rank and 3-of-a-kind in another rank, i.e. Q Q 8 8 8.
      Flush: Any 5 cards of the same suit that don’t satisfy #2.
      Because of the clear advantage of player 1, the win is given to player 2 if the hands are equal in strength.

      Which player would you rather be? What strategy do you use?

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    • Assume that you have a number of long fuses, of which you only know that they burn for exactly one hour after you lighted them at one end. However, you do not know whether they burn with constant speed, so the first half of the fuse can be burnt in only ten minutes while the rest takes the other fifty minutes to burn completely. Also, assume that you have a lighter.

      How can you measure exactly three quarters of an hour with these fuses?

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    • Jacob has three boxes with fruits in his barn: one box with apples, one box with pears, and one box with both apples and pears. The boxes have labels that describe the contents, but none of these labels is on the right box.

      How can Jacob determine what each of the boxes contains, by taking only one piece of fruit from one box?

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    • A confused bank teller transposed the dollars and cents when he cashed a cheque for Ms Denial, giving her dollars instead of cents and cents instead of dollars. After buying a newspaper for 50 cents, Ms Denial noticed that she had left exactly three times as much as the original cheque. What was the amount of the cheque ?

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    • A light bulb is hanging in a room. Outside of the room, there are three switches, of which only one is connected to the lamp. In the starting situation, all switches are ‘off’ and the bulb is not lit.

      If it is allowed to check in the room only once to see if the bulb is lit or not (this is not visible from the outside), how can you determine with which of the three switches the light bulb can be switched on?

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    • You have two jugs. One jug has a content of 3 litres and the other one has a content of 5 litres.

      How can you get just 4 litres of water using only these two jugs?

      (There is plenty of water available to refill the jugs)

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    • Just do it, do not cheat! Because of you did, this test would be no fun. We promise that there are no tricks to this test.

      Read the sentence below:

      FINISHED FILES ARE THE
      RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC
      STUDY COMBINED WITH THE
      EXPERIENCE OF YEARS

      The question is: How many times do you see the letter F in the sentence above? Count them only once! Do not go back and count them again!

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    • Jacob and John run a 100 meter race. Jacob wins by five yards. To make it sporting, he starts 5 yards behind the original start line in the second race. Assuming both runners run at the same speed, who wins the second race? The challenge is to solve this problem without doing any algebra.

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    • A 12 by 25 by 36 inch box is lying on the floor on one of its 25 by 36 inch faces. An ant, located at one of the bottom corners of the box, must crawl along the outside of the box to reach the opposite bottom corner. It can walk on any of the box faces except for the bottom face, which is in flush contact with the floor. What is the length of the shortest such path?

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